Law, Crime & Punishment
This general category includes a selection of more specific topics.
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Law, Crime & Punishment Encyclopedia Articles
Featured Articles
crime
Crime, the intentional commission of an act usually deemed socially harmful or dangerous and specifically defined, prohibited, and punishable under criminal law. Most countries have enacted a criminal...
canon law
Canon law, body of laws made within certain Christian churches (Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, independent churches of Eastern Christianity, and the Anglican Communion) by lawful ecclesiastical authority...
international law
International law, the body of legal rules, norms, and standards that apply between sovereign states and other entities that are legally recognized as international actors. The term was coined by the English...
land reform
Land reform, a purposive change in the way in which agricultural land is held or owned, the methods of cultivation that are employed, or the relation of agriculture to the rest of the economy. Reforms...
police
Police, body of officers representing the civil authority of government. Police typically are responsible for maintaining public order and safety, enforcing the law, and preventing, detecting, and investigating...
inheritance
Inheritance, the devolution of property on an heir or heirs upon the death of the owner. The term inheritance also designates the property itself. In modern society, the process is regulated in minute...
constitutional law
Constitutional law, the body of rules, doctrines, and practices that govern the operation of political communities. In modern times the most important political community has been the state. Modern constitutional...
commercial transaction
Commercial transaction, in law, the core of the legal rules governing business dealings. The most common types of commercial transactions, involving such specialized areas of the law and legal instruments...
procedural law
Procedural law, the law governing the machinery of the courts and the methods by which both the state and the individual (the latter including groups, whether incorporated or not) enforce their rights...
court
Court, a person or body of persons having judicial authority to hear and resolve disputes in civil, criminal, ecclesiastical, or military cases. The word court, which originally meant simply an enclosed...
property law
Property law, principles, policies, and rules by which disputes over property are to be resolved and by which property transactions may be structured. What distinguishes property law from other kinds of...
philosophy of law
Philosophy of law, branch of philosophy that investigates the nature of law, especially in its relation to human values, attitudes, practices, and political communities. Traditionally, philosophy of law...
tort
Tort, in common law, civil law, and the vast majority of legal systems that derive from them, any instance of harmful behaviour, such as physical attack on one’s person or interference with one’s possessions...
Law, Crime & Punishment Subcategories
![coverage of Jack the Ripper in The Illustrated Police News](https://cdn.britannica.com/16/119616-050-B3D54C61/Incidents-Connection-engraving-Jack-the-Ripper-Doings-1888.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop)
This category explores both sides of crime, delving into many different aspects and cases of unlawful conduct. It includes perpetrators as well as victims and those who fought against crime in an effort to establish a safe community environment.
Articles
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the man in the iron mask
French convict
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Allan Pinkerton
American detective
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Jesse James and Frank James
American outlaws
![Ruth Bader Ginsburg](https://cdn.britannica.com/07/163207-050-5BC6B153/Ruth-Bader-Ginsburg-2010.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop)
Articles
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Hugo Grotius
Dutch statesman and scholar
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Sandra Day O’Connor
United States jurist
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Clarence Darrow
American lawyer