basketball

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Manufacture of the National Federation Basketball, circa 1933

2006 NCAA women's basketball national championship game

The U.S. professional court is shown. The U.S. college court has similar dimensions but has a shallower (19-ft 9-in) three-point line. International courts are slightly smaller and have 20-ft 6-in three-point lines and trapezoidal free-throw lanes that are wider at the boundary line than at the free-throw line. The basket height is 10 ft on all courts.

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basketball summary

basketball

Q: What is basketball?

Basketball is a game played between two teams of five players each on a rectangular court, usually indoors. Each team tries to score by tossing the ball through the opponent’s goal, an elevated horizontal hoop and net called a basket.

Q: When was basketball invented?

Basketball was invented by James Naismith on or about December 1, 1891, at the International Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) Training School, Springfield , Massachusetts , where Naismith was an instructor in physical education . Basketball is the only major sport strictly of U.S. origin (although Naismith was born in Canada).

Q: How does basketball exercise your body?

Basketball is a dynamic sport that builds stamina from the short sprints required of running up and down the length of the court. Movements distinct to basketball, such as jumping to take a shot or to grab a rebound, require frequent muscle contractions , which can build muscular endurance. Additional weight training is recommended for basketball players in order to improve their performance on the court.

Q: Where is basketball popular outside of the United States?

The success of international basketball was greatly advanced by the inclusion of men’s basketball in the Olympic Games beginning in 1936. Basketball has caught on particularly well in Italy , and Spain has several basketball leagues. The other major centre of European basketball is eastern Europe, particularly in the Balkans .

Q: What was the influence of television on basketball?

Basketball grew steadily but slowly in popularity and importance in the United States and internationally in the first three decades after World War II (1939–45) as a result of television exposure. However, with the advent of cable television , the game’s popularity exploded at all levels, especially during the 1980s.

Q: Should colleges and universities pay college basketball athletes?

Whether college and university athletes, including basketball players, should be paid is widely debated. Some argue the NCAA, colleges, and universities profit unfairly and exorbitantly from the work and likenesses of college athletes, who are risking their bodies as well as their future careers and earning potential while often living below the poverty line. Others argue that the scholarships given to student athletes are fair compensation for their services, especially since so few college athletes actually "go pro," and that the real problem is not greater compensation for student-athletes but an incompetent amateur sports system for feeding talent to professional sports leagues. For more on the debate over paying college athletes, visit ProCon.org .

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Written by Robert G. Logan, Larry W. Donald, William George MokraySee All

Fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Last Updated: Apr 7, 2024 • Article History

James Naismith

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Category: Arts & Culture

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What is basketball?

When was basketball invented?

How does basketball exercise your body?

Where is basketball popular outside of the United States?

What was the influence of television on basketball?

Should colleges and universities pay college basketball athletes?

basketball, game played between two teams of five players each on a rectangular court, usually indoors. Each team tries to score by tossing the ball through the opponent’s goal, an elevated horizontal hoop and net called a basket. (Read James Naismith’s 1929 Britannica essay on his invention of basketball.) The only major sport strictly of U.S. origin, basketball was invented by James Naismith (1861–1939) on or about December 1, 1891, at the International Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) Training School (now Springfield College), Springfield, Massachusetts, where Naismith was an instructor in physical education. For that first game of basketball in ...(100 of 7335 words)

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